Thursday, 11 May 2017

Functions of Hair Follicle

Hair is the only body part of human beings that can be changed to influence social interaction and plays important role in body's defence mechanism. Apart from the biological function that hair has, like protection from elements and distribution of sweat glands, hair also plays an important psycho emotional role in the lives of humans. Hair in mammals is composed of the hair follicle and the hair shaft.  The hair follicle is formed as a small finger like structure from the embryonic epidermis. The follicles in different parts of the body are different and produce hair fibers of different size, shape and color. The fibers are coarse when they form the body hair or scalp hair. These are known as terminal hair. The finer downy hair on the face is known as vellus hair.




Functions of the hair follicle

The main function of the hair follicle is to produce a hair shaft or fiber. The shaft is the physically visible portion of the hair and plays a significant role both biologically and psychologically.
The hair shaft is composed of three parts – the cuticle, the cortex and the medulla. The cuticle is a single row of cells, which forms the outermost layer of the shaft. The cortex forms the bulk of the hair. This contains melanin, which is responsible for hair pigmentation. The medulla is the central portion of terminal hairs.

Hair responds to external stimuli and any movement of the fiber is picked up by the follicle to transmit a message to the nervous system.

Hair also plays a part in controlling the body heat by providing insulation against sudden heat loss or gain.

The hair follicle often acts as a sensory organ for the skin. Mechanical stimuli above the skin are detected by the skin and when the hair moves even slightly, neuroreceptors in the follicles transmit a message to the nervous system. 

Hair follicles often play the role of key mediators of stress signaling through sensitivity to and synthesis of neuroendocrine activities.

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